Florists' Hydrangea Blueing with Aluminum Sulfate Applications during Forcing

Identification of aluminum species in an aluminum-accumulating plant, hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla), by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

The use of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) in negative ion mode was investigated as a direct probe for identifying Al species in Al-accumulating hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla) samples. Cell sap solutions of hydrangea leaves were purified using Sephadex G-10 liquid chromatography and each fraction was analyzed using ESI-MS and ESI-MS/MS to identify Al species. In hydrangea ...

Hydrangea

Tonoplast- and Plasma Membrane-Localized Aquaporin-Family Transporters in Blue Hydrangea Sepals of Aluminum Hyperaccumulating Plant

Hydrangea (Hydrangea macrophylla) is tolerant of acidic soils in which toxicity generally arises from the presence of the soluble aluminum (Al) ion. When hydrangea is cultivated in acidic soil, its resulting blue sepal color is caused by the Al complex formation of anthocyanin. The concentration of vacuolar Al in blue sepal cells can reach levels in excess of approximately 15 mM, suggesting the...

Climate forcing by carbonaceous and sulfate aerosols

An atmospheric general circulation model is coupled to an atmospheric chemistry model to calculate the radiative forcing by anthropogenic sulfate and carbonaceous aerosols. The latter aerosols result from biomass burning as well as fossil fuel burning. The black carbon associated with carbonaceous aerosols is absorbant and can decrease the amount of reflected radiation at the top-of-the-atmosph...

United Airways Disease Among Florists

Previously we observed an excess risk for occupational asthma among florists with rhinitis. To further evaluate the link between upper and lower airways, we investigated united airways disease in the same occupational group. Occupational history, symptoms and atopy were investigated among 128 florists. Age-, smoking-, and gender-adjusted risks were calculated using logistic regression models co...